What is Acne
Questions and Answers About Acne
This fact sheet contains general information about acne.
It describes what acne is and how it develops, the causes of acne, and
the treatment options for various forms of acne. Information is also
provided on caring for the skin. If you have further questions after
reading this booklet, you may wish to discuss them with your doctor.
What Is Acne?
Acne is a disorder resulting from the action of hormones
on the skin's oil glands (sebaceous glands), which leads to plugged
pores and outbreaks of lesions commonly called pimples or zits. Acne
lesions usually occur on the face, neck, back, chest, and shoulders.
Nearly 17 million people in the United States have acne, making it the
most common skin disease. Although acne is not a serious health threat,
severe acne can lead to disfiguring, permanent scarring, which can be
upsetting to people who are affected by the disorder.
What Causes Acne?
The exact cause of acne is unknown, but doctors believe
it results from several related factors. One important factor is an
increase in hormones called androgens (male sex hormones). These increase
in both boys and girls during puberty and cause the sebaceous glands
to enlarge and make more sebum. Hormonal changes related to pregnancy
or starting or stopping birth control pills can also cause acne.
Another factor is heredity or genetics. Researchers believe
that the tendency to develop acne can be inherited from parents. For
example, studies have shown that many school-age boys with acne have
a family history of the disorder. Certain drugs, including androgens
and lithium, are known to cause acne. Greasy cosmetics may alter the
cells of the follicles and make them stick together, producing a plug.
How Does Acne Develop?
Who Gets Acne?
How Is Acne Treated?
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